If you drop food on the floor, it's safe for you to eat if you pick it up quickly. There's no need to wash or re-cook it.
In Japan "quickly" in this case means three seconds. In other parts of the world it's considered to be five or ten seconds, showing that Japanese are cautious people.
The most likely place of dropping food is the kitchen, and the kitchen is most likely to have the dirtiest floor in your house. If you drop food there, it's important to clean and disinfect the area with your best floor cleaner as soon as possible.
We might think a carpeted floor is dirtier than the kitchen, where the thick carpet pile has a greater surface area for germs to stick. However, research has found that carpets have a very low transmission rate of bacteria compared with smooth floors.
No fallen food completely escapes contamination. Bacteria can contaminate instantaneously. So what can you to do with that last piece of expensive deliciousness which accidentally slipped from your fingers?
First, through it away, wash your hands, then clean the floor.